State Highway Patrol officers allegedly detected a driver travelling at 143km/h in a 110km/h zone on the Calder Highway at Faraday on Sunday.
Before being able to intercept the driver, his speed increased to an alleged 170 km/h.
When police did intercept the vehicle, they found an infant in a baby capsule and another small child in a baby seat in the rear seat of the car.
The driver, a 35-year-old man, underwent a road-side drug test which returned a positive result.
The man refused to accompany police for a further oral fluid test.
The man's vehicle will be impounded for 30 days and he is expected to be charged with dangerous driving, refuse to accompany police for an oral fluid test and exceeding the speed limit.
This impound forms part of Operation Nexus, a five-day focus on keeping our community safe on the roads during the Easter long weekend.
The state-wide operation aims to reduce road trauma, including the number of lives lost and injuries on our roads.
During this time motorists can expect to be breath tested and drug tested, have their vehicles scanned and be checked for speeding.
The operation involves all available personnel including local road policing units, general duties, other operational policing units and centralised resources from Road Policing Command.
The operation started at 12.01am on Thursday 1 April and concludes at 11.59pm on Monday 5 April
