Vulnerability Of Large Language Models To Prompt Injection When Providing Medical Advice

JAMA Network

About The Study: In this quality improvement study using a controlled simulation, commercial large language models (LLM's) demonstrated substantial vulnerability to prompt-injection attacks (i.e., maliciously crafted inputs that manipulate an LLM's behavior) that could generate clinically dangerous recommendations; even flagship models with advanced safety mechanisms showed high susceptibility. These findings underscore the need for adversarial robustness testing, system-level safeguards, and regulatory oversight before clinical deployment.

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