When a man stabbed Jewish people in Golders Green, London, in what police declared a terrorist incident, the story spread fast - through news alerts, social media and the whispered conversations of anxious adults. When this happens, children notice.
Whether they catch a fragment of a TV bulletin, overhear a parent on the phone, or simply sense that something has shifted in the atmosphere at home, the news has a way of reaching them before they are ready. The question isn't really whether to talk to children about violence and fear ; it's how.
First, it's important to know that children have the resilience and capacity to process difficult topics, but bear in mind that this needs to happen in a supportive environment .
Start with safety. Ensure your child feels relaxed and secure. Safety comes from routines, keeping daily rhythms and practising rituals that remind everyone you are together and safe - for example, a nighttime story or song, a special time on the couch after dinner.
Your capacity to deal with issues like violence and fear is the most important factor in contributing to your child feeling safe during these conversations. If you feel overwhelmed or anxious, wait until you feel calmer and more grounded, or have someone to support you with the conversation.
Some families - particularly those who face racism or other forms of discrimination - will already be familiar with these conversations . But if this is new to you, the main thing to do is to be honest and clear . Be direct and specific. Avoid metaphors and euphemisms and vague ideas like "bad people".
Adjust your language to the child's age, but don't overthink it. Simply pause often, ask questions, and watch their face for confusion.
Children don't stay afraid for long. They move in and out of difficult feelings quickly , which is why short, repeated conversations work better than one big, serious talk.
Come back to them to check understanding and listen for misunderstandings. Ask them if they have any questions. And don't be surprised if the child looks particularly bored or disinterested. Children prefer delight and joy and play rather than serious adult conversations. It doesn't mean they are not listening or appreciating the explanation, it just means their priorities are elsewhere - and that's a good thing .
Keeping children grounded amid fear
Limit media exposure and try to avoid talking about scary events around them - they are always listening and there's huge room for misunderstanding when they hear rather than take part in conversations.
Research shows that if children are exposed to media and talk about fearful events, that it's important what they hear is mediated through a supportive adult who can explain the content appropriately . They can pick up on the signs of fear and anxiety from adults, particularly in times of uncertainty , even if they can't fully understand the words in the conversation.
Follow your child's lead. Your job is to open the door. They decide whether to walk through it and when to leave. Don't mistake silence for shutdown. Children often process fear through movement, play, singing, dancing, making and even breaking things .
It's OK to say "I don't know" to questions you can't answer . And it's OK to say: "I know the answer, but it's too much information for you at your age, I'll tell you a little bit now and explain more when I think you are old enough."
Most important of all, for you and your child, look at your circle of safety. Remind your child they are safe here and now with you, that there is a community that you live in and link with who are there to support you and keep you safe. Focus on hope and efficacy and on what can we do right now for the future we want.
Trudy Meehan does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
