Dept of Climate Change, Energy, Environment & Water
The Heard Island and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve was established in 2002. It is one of the world's largest highly protected (IUCN category 1A) marine reserves. We have prepared a report to inform the review of the marine reserve and its management plan: the Conservation values in the marine environment surrounding Heard Island and the McDonald Islands report.
The Heard Island and McDonald Islands (HIMI) lie approximately 4000 kms southwest of Australia. They are located in the southern Indian Ocean. This report summarises currently available scientific knowledge on the status of conservation values in HIMI marine environment. It includes threats posed by:
- climate change
- pollution
- fishing
- invasive species.
This report is available on the Australian Antarctic Division website.
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