GENEVA - UN experts* today expressed grave concern over renewed online attacks, disinformation campaigns, and harassment of two prominent Thai human rights defenders, Angkhana Neelapaijit and Sunai Phasuk.
The harassment began after their recent public comments on social media about alleged military activity near the Thai-Cambodian border, the experts noted.
"We are deeply alarmed by the widespread smear campaigns and harassment targeting Neelapaijit and Phasuk, in response to their peaceful calls for State compliance with international human rights law," the experts said. "State authorities should take all necessary measures to protect human rights defenders and their right to freedom of expression."
The experts noted that, since 12 October 2025, the defenders have been subjected to a surge of attacks, often gendered, as well as religiously charged insults, and even incitements to violence, including death threats. Some social media posts have reportedly called for Neelapaijit's enforced disappearance, with disturbing references to the enforced disappearance of her husband, Somchai Neelapaijit, which took place several years ago. Others have sought to stigmatise the defenders' advocacy as unpatriotic or politically motivated.
"Online harassment and threats must not be dismissed as harmless or inconsequential," the experts said. "Such acts can quickly translate into real-world violence, especially gender-based violence and misogynistic attacks against women human rights defenders, who face distinct, gender-specific risks rooted in discriminatory social norms."
They noted that a petition has reportedly been filed before the National Anti-Corruption Commission seeking an investigation into alleged ethical misconduct by Neelapaijit in her capacity as a Senator - a complaint that appears linked to remarks she made on social media.
"The use of administrative or judicial mechanisms to retaliate against individuals for expressing views on matters of public concern risks institutionalising reprisals," the experts said. "Attempts to silence a woman Senator reflect systemic gender discrimination and a pattern of punishing women who challenge power structures."
The latest incidents follow a history of online, physical and judicial harassment against Neelapaijit and Phasuk previously raised with the authorities by UN Special Procedures. The experts deplored the lack of effective accountability and systemic reform to address violations, which have encouraged renewed attacks.
"We welcome the statement of the Royal Thai Police acknowledging Neelapaijit's petition to receive protection and committing to an impartial, transparent and swift investigation into perpetrators," they said.
"We urge authorities to address all forms of gender-based harassment, intimidation and threats against human rights defenders, especially women, and send a clear message that misogyny, threats, and violence, whether online or offline, will not be tolerated," the experts said.
