As fighting intensifies in the Middle East, the United Nations on Friday warned against further escalation in the US-Iran war and the risks to global shipping amid the fight over control of the Strait of Hormuz.
UN Secretary-General António Guterres is deeply alarmed about the resumption of Houthi attacks on commercial vessels in the Red Sea this week and the renewed threats to maritime navigation, his Spokesperson said in a statement.
The Yemeni armed movement formally known as Ansar Allah, backed by Iran, recently entered the conflict and have threatened to blockade the Bab al-Mandab Strait, a key shipping route to the Red Sea.
The Houthis have been battling Yemeni Government forces, who are backed by a Saudi Arabia-led coalition, for more than a decade. On Thursday, they claimed to have struck two Saudi oil tankers, according to media reports.
Risk of wider regional conflict
"The attack on commercial vessels, claimed by the Houthis, risks further heightening regional tensions and widening the current cycle of escalation with the potential to draw Yemen deeper into regional conflict," UN Spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric said in a statement.
He warned that "further hostilities in Yemen will undermine prospects for peace, and cause serious economic, humanitarian and environmental consequences across and beyond the region."
In response, the Secretary-General called for immediate de-escalation and urged the Houthis - who control the capital and much of the west - to refrain from any further attacks or other escalatory actions, in line with UN Security Council resolutions on attacks against commercial vessels and freedom of navigation in the Red Sea.
Concern for stranded seafarers
The UN has been pushing for peace since the current conflict in the Middle East first erupted in late February following joint US-Israeli bombing of Iran and retaliatory strikes by Tehran across the Gulf region.
A ceasefire announced in April, which was extended, collapsed this month, including over violations surrounding the Strait of Hormuz, the narrow waterway responsible for roughly a quarter of global sea trade particularly oil and gas supplies.
The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk, on Friday called for urgent action on behalf of thousands of seafarers who remain stranded in the strait.
At least 6,000 crew members on some 400 vessels are still there, having been unable to evacuate during the ceasefire, according to information from the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
"This number is not exhaustive as many others are unaccounted for, believed to be stuck in the Persian Gulf on a range of smaller vessels or have otherwise not been located," said Shabia Mantoo, Spokesperson for the High Commissioner.
Abandoned ships
She said his office, OHCHR , has also obtained information that some seafarers have been abandoned by shipowners who have left them on the high seas without support, repatriation and even their owed wages.
OHCHR is aware of at least nine such ships, with 93 crew members, who have been abandoned since the start of the war.
"The seafarers have been left on their ships to fend for themselves without food, water, fuel, medical care, electricity or means to communicate with their families," Ms. Mantoo said.
Danger at sea
Crew members "face prolonged isolation and confinement in a conflict zone, with uncertainty about their safety and disembarkation - risking a severe toll on their mental and physical well-being."
They also remain exposed to hostilities as deadly attacks continue in the Strait of Hormuz. Ms. Mantoo recalled that there have been 17 seafarer deaths since the start of the conflict.
"Attacks against civilian vessels are unacceptable and must stop. They are protected under international humanitarian law," she said.
The High Commissioner called on States, shipowners and all relevant parties "to urgently ensure the protection of stranded seafarers including through ensuring effective access to consular assistance, essential supplies and services - and by facilitating evacuations and repatriations."
Moreover, "parties to the conflict should urgently work to facilitate safe passage for stranded seafarers to safely evacuate and disembark, as well as ensure the delivery of critical supplies."
