Input-output tables show the relationships between industries, the goods and services they produce, and who uses them. The tables contain detailed data about the production and expenditure measures of gross domestic product (GDP).
About input-output tables
Input-output tables are a powerful analytical tool for describing the structure of New Zealand's economy. They show the relationships between industries, the goods and services they produce, and who uses them. Input-output tables have many uses, including:
- estimating the effect that changes in government policy have on key economic variables
- examining the impact of changes in producer prices or wages on the consumers price index
- exploring the reliance of industries on imports and estimating their contribution to exports.
Input-output tables for the year ended March 2024
Of our suite of macroeconomic outputs, input-output tables contain the most detailed data about the production and expenditure measures of gross domestic product. In this release for the year ended March 2024, data is broken down into 108 industries and 208 product groups.
This release includes nine tables. The first two tables, called supply-and-use tables, are compiled annually as part of supply-use balancing. This process reconciles the production and expenditure measures of gross domestic product by balancing the flows of goods and services within the economy.
The third table is the imports table. This table shows the detailed allocation of goods and services imports to use categories.
The remaining six tables are analytical tables derived from the first three tables.
Please see the explanatory notes in User guide for National accounts input-output tables: Year ended March 2024. The notes include worked examples of how the tables can be used.
Comparison with previous tables
National accounts input-output tables for the years ended March 2013, March 2020, and March 2024 (this release) are based on the 2008 version of the System of National Accounts (SNA).
National accounts input-output tables: Year ended March 2007 are based on the 1993 version of the international SNA.
These four publications use largely the same industry and product-group classifications. We have included overviews of the industry and product groupings in the input-output tables in this release.
Due to changes in confidentiality requirements, a small number of industry and product groups have been combined or split in the new tables compared with the 2020 release. For coal, imports have been calculated from publicly available data from the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment and the International Monetary Fund to protect confidentiality. In some cases, small adjustments have been made to published values to protect confidentiality while maintaining the underlying economic story.
Note that resource constraints have meant Stats NZ's Commodity Data Collection (CDC) Survey (our main data source for NZ industries' domestic sales and purchases by commodity) has been on hold since 2016, limiting the extent to which we can reflect structural changes since the March 2013 tables. Commodity updates have been made using sources such as the Annual Enterprise Survey, the Household Economic Survey, imports and exports data, and specific industry sources such as the Information and Communications Technology Survey. The absence of recent CDC surveys likely has the biggest impact on the use table (table 2), for the use of products by industries.
Significant economic changes reflected in the 2024 tables include the closure of the Northland oil refinery and the end of domestic tobacco manufacturing in New Zealand.
Data source
Input-output tables for year ended March 2024 are consistent with National accounts (industry production and investment): Year ended March 2024.
The current tables use the Annual Enterprise Survey: 2024 financial year as a main data source, but use many other data sources to estimate product data.
Consistency between the input-output tables and the annual national accounts are explained in National accounts input-output tables general methodology - DataInfo+.
Definitions and metadata
User guide for National accounts input-output tables: Year ended March 2024 provides the explanatory notes on how the tables can be used.
National accounts input-output tables - DataInfo+ details the general methodology used for this release.
National accounts input-output tables: Year ended March 2024 - DataInfo+ provides methodology information specific to this release.
Technical enquiries
Annual national accounts team
[email protected]
04 931 4600
ISBN 978-1-991431-43-1
Next release
National accounts input-output tables are normally released every five years.
