Sometimes history is progressed in moments.
Through heavy choices, big decisions or pure chance.
And sometimes it is made in rooms like these.
Gradually, carefully, out of the spotlight.
We have seen that process in action over these ten days.
Yes, there remain significant divides, and significant work for the intersessional period ahead.
But we have seen a seriousness in tackling key issues, and a determination to find solutions.
In key areas we've taken real strides forward - showing climate cooperation at work, and this process doing its job.
On just transition, you took important steps towards turning the promise of the just transition mechanism into a reality, and to set up the review of the just transition work programme.
While these might feel like modest steps for our process, they are big strides in the right directions for communities and working people everywhere.
On Action for Climate Empowerment, we laid crucial groundwork for accelerating a just transition, and deepening participation and engagement across societies.
There were also substantive steps taken across other crucial thematic areas.
On adaptation and mitigation, Parties voiced the need to deepen and accelerate action, but very disappointingly, we did not deliver on that here in Bonn.
And we've heard the COP31 Presidency announce targets for electrification, city resilience and efficiency, and waste under the Action Agenda.
Minister Kurum, Minister Bowen and I are in lock-step: the negotiations and the Action Agenda are both vital, separate but parallel and complimentary tracks.
COP31 must deliver real strides forward in both.
In some areas, we have seen some side-stepping and stalling. We've seen geopolitical tensions washing through these halls.
As I said when these meetings began, we must all deliver on existing obligations and plans under the Convention and Paris Agreement.
And we simply cannot afford to re-open previous decisions, to renegotiate existing targets, or to backslide.
Let me now go further, and say:
All Parties must be comfortable and confident in restating our existing global commitments - without cherry-picking those that suit tactically in the moment.
Commitments made in the first global stocktake; commitments that respond to the science and the 1.5 degrees limit; on Loss and Damage; on 300 billion; on 1.3 trillion; on tripling adaptation finance; and more.
These are the baselines.
But in some negotiating rooms, we've heard a familiar tendency towards you-first-ism:
Groups refusing to deliver commitments or allow the process to move forward unless others go first.
This is a recipe for gridlock when we need all negotiating tracks to be moving in the fast lane.
So that we make real progress towards implementation in Antalya and Addis Ababa. And arrive at the second global stocktake at COP33 much closer to delivering on the pledges made at the first.
The leadership of Türkiye and Australia will be vital. So will the ongoing support of Azerbaijan, Brazil and Ethiopia.
Pre-COP in Fiji and Tuvalu is a key moment on the road to Antalya.
But we cannot wait until then to step up efforts to find common ground on the tough issues.
So I urge you to bring in your Ministers as soon as possible, in the weeks and months ahead. Particularly on the thorniest issues.
The secretariat has been listening carefully and taking steps to find efficiencies, so we can keep delivering on all our growing mandates.
I also asked a group of experts to consider ways that our process could be optimised or evolve - recognising all that it has achieved, and its Party-owned nature and foundations.
This week, they shared some of their independent ideas. A summary will be made available in the weeks ahead.
The secretariat is very much in listening mode, and very clear on our mandates.
We particularly want to hear from you - the Parties - and other stakeholders, and we'll provide information soon on a process and timelines to do that.
My sincere thanks to the SB Chair Julia Gardiner, SBSTA Vice-Chair Carol Franco, along with their co-facilitators.
I am also deeply grateful for the tireless work of so many delegates and observers, and the unwavering commitment and professionalism of my colleagues across the Secretariat.
We must press forward.
I know many folks will take a breath after these ten longs days and watch some World Cup football.
But let's please not get the idea of winners and losers in our heads. To protect 8 billion people from this climate crisis, it's cooperation not fierce competition that we need.
