Do something about it before it gets worse.
Authors
- Hannah Pitt
Senior Research Fellow – Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University
- Grace Arnot
Public Health Researcher, Deakin University
- Samantha Thomas
Professor of Public Health, Deakin University
- Simone McCarthy
Postdoctoral Research Fellow - Commercial Determinants of Health, Deakin University
This was a response from a 16-year-old boy in one of our recent studies when asked what he would say to the prime minister about gambling in Australia.
This response is not uncommon.
Calls for action
Even before they can legally gamble at the age of 18, young people recognise the harms that the gambling industry (and those who profit from gambling, such as sporting codes) can cause to Australians.
And they are frustrated by a lack of government action to protect them from these harms.
They tell us that rather than prioritising the wellbeing of the community, the government is prioritising the profits of a harmful business.
Politicians are also hearing concerns about gambling from the young people they represent in their communities.
Urging parliamentary action on gambling advertising, former Australian rugby captain and Independent ACT Senator David Pocock told parliament:
Talk to parents and young people. They'll name all the gambling companies. They'll be able to recite odds. They'll talk about the odds for the upcoming games of their favourite teams. What I'm hearing from people here in the ACT that I represent is that this is not the direction they want to go in.
Starting young
For more than a decade, our team has been talking to young people and their parents about the normalisation of gambling in Australia. We have carried out multiple studies that show how pervasive marketing tactics are normalising gambling for young Australians.
Young people tell us they see innovative marketing strategies for different gambling products (including betting, lotteries and casinos) everywhere , including during family-friendly television shows, through watching and attending sport and even while walking down the street.
They increasingly see promotions on social media sites such as TikTok and Snapchat .
They can name multiple gambling brands from a young age, and think gambling gives you a reason to watch sport.
When asked why, they say gambling adds to the fun and excitement of the game. Some tell us they would be convinced to gamble if they got a good "deal" from a company.
Newer forms of app-based gambling also make it is easier for young people to gamble anywhere, anytime when they turn 18.
As an example, a young person couldn't sit in a classroom and drink alcohol when they reach the legal age, but it is not unusual for young people to tell us that classmates use apps to bet on major events while at school.
Some researchers have also documented the extent to which young people gamble before the age of 18.
One study found 31% of 12- to 17-year-olds had ever gambled and 6% had gambled in the past month. They found 8% were at some level of risk of gambling harm.
It's no wonder parents are worried.
Their concern about the risks of gambling are similar to their concerns about alcohol: 70% are at least somewhat concerned about the risks associated with gambling for their children, and 27.7% are extremely concerned.
They comment that gambling products are "highly accessible", "attractive" and "in your face".
When parents try to talk to their children about gambling, they say it is almost impossible to "get the message across" given the constant exposure to ads that their children see in their everyday lives. As one father told us:
It's advertised to children every day of the week when they watch their favourite sport stars, so they think it's normal.
It's time to act
Government decisions about how to respond to the gambling industry will have a major impact on young people's futures. But young people have rarely (if ever) been given an opportunity by the government to put forward their views.
Research shows when they are given the opportunity to comment on gambling policy (and gambling industry tactics), they carefully consider the issues. They are also able to use their own experiences to suggest strategies that would help protect them and other young people from gambling industry harm.
The United Nations states children have the right to be consulted about issues that matter to them and impact their futures. This includes strengthening engagement with children and young people, recognising their " agency, resilience and their positive contributions as agents of change ".
Young people have been central actors in the climate justice movement , and have been key stakeholders in initiatives to respond to the tactics of the junk food and tobacco industries.
While we talk a lot about the impact of the gambling industry on young people, governments rarely consult them about the policies that are needed to protect them from harm.
Yet their message to the government in our research is clear. They:
are concerned about the influence of gambling marketing on the normalisation of gambling for young people, and its short and long-term impacts
believe current restrictions aimed at protecting young people are ineffective
are critical of the overwhelmingly positive messages about gambling they are exposed to, with very limited information about the risks and harms associated with the industry and its products.
The following comment from a 15-year-old sums it up best:
The wellbeing of the population is more important than the revenue that comes in from these sorts of businesses.
Dr Hannah Pitt has received funding from the Australian Research Council, Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, VicHealth, NSW Office of Responsible Gambling, Department of Social Services, ACT Office of Gambling and Racing Commission, and Deakin University. She is currently a member of the Editorial Board of Health Promotion International.
Grace Arnot has received funding for gambling related research from the ACT Office of Gambling and Racing Commission, VicHealth, and Deakin University. Grace is currently a member of the Editorial Board of the journal Health Promotion International.
Professor Samantha Thomas has received funding for gambling and related research from the Australian Research Council, ACT Office of Gaming and Racing, Department of Social Services, VicHealth, Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, Healthway, NSW Office of Responsible Gambling, Deakin University. She is currently Editor in Chief for Health Promotion International, an Oxford University Press journal. She receives an honorarium for this role.
Dr Simone McCarthy has received funding for gambling and related research from ACT Office of Gaming and Racing Commision, the Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, VicHealth, Department of Social Services, and Deakin University. She is currently a member of the Editorial Board of Health Promotion International.
