An extensive international study found a link between ultra-processed foods and structural changes in the brain.
Studies have linked the high consumption of ultra-processed foods with multiple diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and dementia. A recent international study explored the connection between ultra-processed food consumption and brain structure.
"Our findings indicate that a high consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with structural changes in brain regions regulating eating behaviour, such as the hypothalamus, amygdala and right nucleus accumbens. This may lead to a cycle of overeating. However, long-term and experimental studies are still needed to strengthen the association," says doctoral researcher Arsène Kanyamibwa of the University of Helsinki.
The study indicated that the link between ultra-processed foods and overeating cannot be accounted for solely by the resultant inflammation or obesity. Changes in the brain may also be explained by the ingredients, emulsifiers and other additives used to make ultra-processed foods.
Kanyamibwa believes that the unhealthy effects of ultra-processed foods should be given more attention as part of personal food choices, food regulation and nutrition policy alike.
He notes, however, that not all processed foods need be avoided.
"In particular, processed foods of plant origin, such as frozen vegetables, can be recommended. Another good example of the benefits of processing is the pasteurisation of milk. In contrast, foods high in chemically modified ingredients and additives, such as processed meat products, are problematic. The nutrition and dietary recommendations published in Finland last year offer a solid foundation for healthy eating."
The study was conducted using data from the UK Biobank, encompassing about 30,000 middle-aged individuals from the UK. It was carried out by the University of Helsinki's O'BRAIN Lab, which studies the link between the brain and obesity, in collaboration with the Montreal Neurological Institute.
Watch a video featuring Arsène Kanyamibwa discussing the topic.
