Yellow camellia (C. nitidissima) is prized for its distinctive flowers but is notoriously difficult to propagate vegetatively, limiting large-scale production and conservation efforts. Adventitious rooting-the ability of cuttings to form new roots-is a critical bottleneck in its propagation. The new research addresses this challenge by integrating gene expression profiling with physiological analyses to clarify how rooting is initiated and regulated at the molecular and biochemical levels.
The study identifies key genes and metabolic pathways associated with hormone signaling, carbohydrate metabolism, and stress responses that play central roles during different stages of adventitious root formation. Changes in endogenous hormone levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, and energy-related compounds were closely linked to shifts in gene expression, highlighting the coordinated regulation of physiological and molecular processes during rooting.
By mapping these interactions, the research provides a clearer picture of why C. nitidissima exhibits low rooting efficiency and which biological factors may be targeted to improve propagation outcomes. The findings lay a scientific foundation for developing more effective cutting treatments, optimizing hormone applications, and refining propagation protocols for yellow camellia.
Beyond its practical implications for horticulture and nursery production, the study also contributes to broader knowledge of woody plant rooting mechanisms. These insights may support conservation strategies for C. nitidissima and inform propagation research in other difficult-to-root ornamental and woody species.
The full article presents a step forward in understanding the complex genetic and physiological networks underlying adventitious root development, offering valuable guidance for both researchers and growers seeking to enhance propagation success in yellow camellia.
The full article can be found on the Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science electronic journal website at: https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS05544-25
Dr. Liang is Associate Professor in Genetics and Biochemistry at Clemson University.
Her research focuses on applying technologies and genomic tools to improve horticultural and forestry species. For yellow-flowered camellias, her team has been working on flower induction and adventitious rooting.
Established in 1903, the American Society for Horticultural Science is recognized around the world as one of the most respected and influential professional societies for horticultural scientists. ASHS is committed to promoting and encouraging national and international interest in scientific research and education in all branches of horticulture.
Comprised of thousands of members worldwide, ASHS represents a broad cross-section of the horticultural community - scientists, educators, students, landscape and turf managers, government, extension agents and industry professionals. ASHS members focus on practices and problems in horticulture: breeding, propagation, production and management, harvesting, handling and storage, processing, marketing and use of horticultural plants and products. To learn more, visit ashs.org.
